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''Pinus echinata'', the shortleaf pine, is a species of pine native to the eastern United States from southern New Jersey, south to northern Florida, west to eastern Oklahoma, and southwest to eastern Texas. The tree is variable in form, sometimes straight, sometimes crooked, with an irregular crown. This tree reaches heights of with a trunk diameter of . The leaves are needle-like, in bundles of two and three mixed together, and from long. The cones are long, with thin scales with a transverse keel and a short prickle. They open at maturity but are persistent. Shortleaf pine seedlings develop a persistent J-shaped crook near the ground surface.〔(USDA FS: Silvics of Trees of North America: ''Pinus echinata'' )〕 Axillary and other buds form near the crook and initiate growth if the upper stem is killed by fire or is severed. This pine is a source of wood pulp, plywood veneer, and lumber for a variety of uses. The shortleaf pine is one of the southern US "southern yellow pines; it is also occasionally called southern yellow pine or the shortstraw pine. Shortleaf pine has the largest range of the southern US yellow pines. This pine occupies a variety of habitats from rocky uplands to wet flood plains. It frequently hybridizes naturally with loblolly pine and pitch pine where their ranges intersect. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「pinus echinata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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